That was all it took to associate a new legend with the name of Tutankhamun. It may be assumed that a tomb of royal dimensions had been begun, but that it was unfinished when he died. It was therefore necessary to make use of a tomb that could be used and decorated rapidly, once part of the burial furniture was installed—as attested by the drops and splashes of yellow paint accidentally and hurriedly left by the necropolis artists on the gilt-wood external chapel.
Hence, as of , Tutankhamun experienced a second renaissance, going well beyond the usual Egyptomania, and this time his fame was present in every sphere of life — architecture, the decorative and furniture arts, fashion, music, and even advertising from lemons to nougat bars and Cleopatra soap. Although these references often have very little to do with the real Tutankhamun and his reign, they do attest to the way in which ancient Egypt in now perceived and, above all, to the impact of the discovery of his tomb in the Valley of the Kings in November , shedding new light on the reign of a pharaoh which until that point had been somewhat overlooked.
Read more…. That Tutankhamun met his end at such a young age has long puzzled Egyptologists and the public alike. The great royal wife of Amenhotep III, queen Tiye has gone down in history for the important role she played Read more…. On the western bank of the Nile, across from the Eastern bank city of Luxor, the scale of the site Read more…. Tutankhamun was a pharaoh during ancient Egypt's New Kingdom era, about 3, years ago.
He ascended to the throne at the age of 9 but ruled for only ten years before dying at 19 around B. Despite his brief reign, King Tut is perhaps Egypt's best known pharaoh because of the wealth of treasures—including a solid gold death mask—found during the surprise discovery of his intact tomb in See pictures of King Tut tomb treasures or see them in person in Toronto through April The new study, published this week in the Journal of the American Medical Association , marks the first time the Egyptian government has allowed genetic studies to be performed using royal mummies.
See "King Tut: Unraveling the Mysteries of Tutankhamun" —a National Geographic magazine report on forensic studies that recreated Tut's face, among other developments.
In the new study, the mummies of King Tut and ten other royals that researchers have long suspected were his close relatives were examined. Of these ten, the identities of only three had been known for certain. Using DNA samples taken from the mummies' bones, the scientists were able to create a five-generation family tree for the boy pharaoh.
The team looked for shared genetic sequences in the Y chromosome—a bundle of DNA passed only from father to son—to identify King Tut's male ancestors.
The researchers then determined parentage for the mummies by looking for signs that a mummy's genes are a blend of a specific couple's DNA. In this way, the team was able to determine that a mummy known until now as KV55 is the "heretic king" Akhenaten—and that he was King Tut's father. Akhenaten was best known for abolishing ancient Egypt's pantheon in favor of worshipping only one god.
Preliminary DNA evidence also indicates that two stillborn fetuses entombed with King Tut when he died were daughters whom he likely fathered with his chief queen Ankhensenamun, whose mummy may also have finally been identified.
While the body of King Tut's mother has finally been revealed, her identity remains a mystery. Some Egyptologists have speculated that King Tut's mother was Akhenaten's chief wife, Queen Nefertiti—made famous by an iconic bust Nefertiti-bust picture.
But the new findings seem to challenge this idea, because historical records do not indicate that Nefertiti and Akhenaten were related. Instead, the sister with whom Akenhaten fathered King Tut may have been a minor wife or concubine, which would not have been unusual, said Willeke Wendrich , a UCLA Egyptologist who was not involved in the study. The team's examination of King Tut's body also revealed previously unknown deformations in the king's left foot, caused by the necrosis, or death, of bone tissue.
The affliction would have been painful and forced King Tut to walk with a cane—many of which were found in his tomb—but it would not have been life threatening. The scientists found DNA from the mosquito-borne parasite that causes malaria in the young pharaoh's body—the oldest known genetic proof of the disease. Cleopatra VII ruled ancient Egypt as co-regent first with her father, then with her two younger brothers and finally with her son for almost three decades. She was part of a dynasty of Macedonian rulers founded by Ptolemy, who served as general under Alexander the Great during The amazing works of art and architecture known as the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World serve as a testament to the ingenuity, imagination and sheer hard work of which human beings are capable.
They are also, however, reminders of the human capacity for disagreement, Civilizations like the Olmec, Maya, Aztec and Inca all built pyramids to house their deities, as well as to bury their Live TV. This Day In History. History Vault. Recommended for you. Ramses' Temple at Abu Simbel. I believe he was murdered by Horemheb, the commander in chief of Tutankhamun's armies, who eventually takes the throne for himself. But Horemheb too dies childless, leaving the throne to a fellow army commander.
The new pharaoh's name was Ramses I. With him begins another dynasty, one which, under the rule of his grandson Ramses the Great, would see Egypt rise to new heights of imperial power. More than anyone else, this great king would work to erase from history all traces of Akhenaten, Tutankhamun, and the other "heretics" of the Amarna period. With our investigations, we seek to honor them and keep their memories alive.
All rights reserved. This story appears in the September issue of National Geographic magazine. Since the Society has supported the research of Zahi Hawass, secretary general of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities and a National Geographic explorer-in-residence.
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