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As a result, there was a difference in luminosity between the top and the bottom of the screen and, consequently, a perceptible difference in contrast. Interlaced display was therefore created to display fewer lines simultaneously, thus ensuring better visual comfort. To do this, each image is split into two video fields: the first field contains only the odd lines of the image, and the second contains only the even lines. At a scan rate of 50Hz, half an image is obtained per scan, which corresponds to the European standard of 25 frames per second.
However, this format is still used for DTTV. Simply because this technology requires half the bandwidth and, consequently, a less demanding internet connection. Although the full size of the program remains the same, the information transmitted every second is two times smaller, as only half the image is broadcast. Like the i format, p features a resolution pixels wide and pixels high. It works differently, however, displaying the whole image at once.
Each displayed image field therefore corresponds to an entire image. Due to its working principle, p has more advantages than the i format, starting with a superior perceived image quality. Consequently, a video in a i offers a very similar image quality to that of a file in p, meaning you cannot fully enjoy Full HD images. Note: as mentioned earlier, DTTV programs are broadcast in i in order to optimize bandwidth. A modern television must therefore carry out a deinterlacing process in order to reconstruct the original image from its two image fields.
If this deinterlacing process is not performed correctly, it will generate artefacts and an aliasing effect in the image. OK, p is 1,x pixels, running at 60 frames per second fps.
The first, in the late '90s when all this was happening, there were no p TVs. Sure, we all knew they were coming, but it was years before they started shipping now, almost all TVs are p. The other big way was the sports. Both ABC and Fox have big sports divisions, which played a big role in their decision to go with p. This is because when it comes down to it, fast motion looks better at 60fps more on this later. The i designation is 1,x1, pixels, running at 30 frames per second.
The math is actually pretty simple: at 30fps is the same amount of data as at 60 or at least, close enough for what we're talking about. How, you might ask, does this 30fps work on TVs designed for 60?
With modern video processing, the frame rate doesn't matter much. Back in the olden days of the '90s, however, we weren't so lucky. The image is actually "interlaced.
What this means is that even though there are 30 frames every second, it is actually 60 fields. Each field is 1,x pixels, every 60th of a second.
Of the 1, lines of pixels, the first field will have all the odd lines, the second field will have all the even lines. Your TV combines these together to form a complete frame of video. What about p? Yes, what about it? Your p TV accepts many different resolutions, and converts them all to 1,x1, pixels.
For most sources, this is from a process known as upconversion. Check out my article, appropriately called " What is upconversion? When your TV is sent a i signal, however, a different process occurs: deinterlacing. This is when the TV combines the two fields into frames. If it's done right, the TV repeats each full frame to create 60 "fps" from the original If it's done wrong, the TV instead takes each field, and just doubles the information.
So you're actually getting 1,xp. Many early p HDTVs did this, but pretty much no modern one does. In a TV review, this is the main thing we're checking when we test deinterlacing prowess. If only it were that easy if that is even easy However, there's a problem.
Let's take the example of the sports from earlier. ABC and Fox very consciously made the choice to go with p over i. As we said earlier, this largely wasn't based on some limitation of the technology or being cheap. It's that i is worse with fast motion than p. At 60 frames per second p , the camera is getting a full snapshot of what it sees every 60th of a second. With i, on the other hand, it's getting half a snapshot every 60th of a second 1,x every 60th. With most things, this isn't a big deal.
Your TV combines the two fields. You see frames. Everything is happy in TV land.
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